Everything about Generational Name totally explained
Generation name, variously
zibei or
banci, is one of the characters in a traditional
Chinese name, and is so called because each member of a generation (for example
siblings) share that character. Unlike
surnames or
given names, Western names don't have an equivalent custom; though it could be considered analogous when a brother and sister are given the masculine and feminine forms of a name, such as Joseph and Josephine.
This table illustrates an example.
| Unit |
Chinese form |
Western form |
| Family name |
Generation name |
Given name |
| Father |
Xia |
Zhou |
Jin |
Zhoujin Xia |
| Father's sibling |
Xia |
Zhou |
Sui |
Zhousui Xia |
| Mother |
Shang |
Qin |
Tang |
Qintang Shang |
| Mother's sibling |
Shang |
Qin |
Song |
Qinsong Shang |
| First child |
Xia |
Han |
Zheng |
Hanzheng Xia |
| Second child |
Xia |
Han |
Li |
Hanli Xia |
| Third child |
Xia |
Han |
Yong |
Hanyong Xia |
Often, it was usually given only to males in a generation, although this practice is different from family to family and has changed over time. In Chinese practice, generational names are not universally used.
The generation name is written in one character and is typically prescribed by a
generation poem (
banci lian or
paizi ge in Chinese) written centuries ago. The poem varies in length from around a dozen characters to hundreds of characters. Each of the poem's characters is to be a generation name. After the last character of the poem is reached, the poem may be extended, or (more usually) the generation cycle is reset and the first character is reused.
The generation names were usually decided by a
genealogical committee in the family. An exception is the generation names of the
Kong and
Meng family. During
Ming Dynasty, emperor
Zhu Yuanzhang respected
Confucius and
Mencius so much that he honored their families generation names. Since then, the generation names of these two families were extended with the acknowledgement of the
Chongzhen Emperor of Ming Dynasty, the
Tongzhi Emperor of
Qing Dynasty, and the Ministry of Interior of the
Beiyang Government.
In Chinese practice, the
banci was shared by a lineage having a common ancestor and generally originating in the same Chinese location. Thus, a single
Chinese surname has many different generational names associated with it, and people not sharing the same
banci are seen as coming from different families.
The common generation character may be either the first or second one of the two-character name, but it's in the same position for everyone who shares it. For some families, the position switches from generation to generation, so that one generation will share the same first character in the given name, while the next will share the same second character. Furthermore, branches of the same family who are in different locations tend to share the same
radical in the third character.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Generational Name'.
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